Before you renovate
Why the asbestos test comes before the removal job
Asbestos left alone and in good condition is not the risk. Health Canada's concern is disturbing it: drilling, sawing, sanding, scraping or tearing it out. Ontario's regulation, O. Reg. 278/05, sets out how a contractor tests for it and removes it.
Where it is in an older house
Before 1990, asbestos was mainly used to insulate Canadian homes. Health Canada lists siding, cement and plaster, floor and ceiling tiles, roofing, paint, drywall, caulking and insulation among the places it may be. Vermiculite insulation in an attic is the one it singles out: do not disturb it or try to remove it yourself.
How testing works under the regulation
A material counts as asbestos-containing at 0.5% asbestos or more by dry weight. Samples are analysed by US EPA Method 600/R-93/116, and each area of uniform colour and texture is sampled on its own.
Table 1 sets the minimum for surfacing material such as a textured ceiling: 3 samples under 90 square metres, 5 from 90 to under 450, and 7 at 450 or more. If any sample is positive, the whole area is treated as asbestos-containing.
Type 1, 2 and 3 work
- Type 1 includes removing less than one square metre of drywall with asbestos joint compound.
- Type 2 includes disturbing one square metre or less of friable material, the kind that crumbles by hand when dry.
- Type 3 includes removing more than one square metre of friable material, such as a crumbling textured ceiling. It needs notice to a Ministry of Labour inspector, an enclosure, HEPA-filtered negative air, and an air test before the enclosure comes down.
The regulation contains no licence. On a Type 3 job it requires every worker and supervisor to have completed the Ministry-approved asbestos abatement training, so that is what to ask a contractor for.
Your own home
O. Reg. 278/05 does not apply to an owner working on a private home they or their family occupy. It does apply to every contractor you hire. Health Canada's advice is to have a professional test before renovating and, if asbestos is found, to hire a qualified removal specialist.
Mould behind an old wall is a separate job from asbestos; for it, see mould removal companies in Ottawa.
Sources, checked 2026-10-21 unless marked:
Buyer guide
Hiring an asbestos removal company in Ottawa
What separates a great asbestos removal company from a cheap quote, and the questions worth asking before you sign.
Test before you open a wall
Health Canada's advice is to have a professional test for asbestos before renovating. Ontario's asbestos regulation, O. Reg. 278/05, counts a material as asbestos-containing at 0.5% asbestos or more by dry weight, and one positive sample settles the whole uniform area.
Ask how many samples, and from where
The regulation's Table 1 sets the minimum for surfacing material such as a textured ceiling: 3 samples under 90 square metres, 5 from 90 to 450, and 7 above that. Ask how many a company plans to take, and from which rooms.
Know what type of job it is
O. Reg. 278/05 sorts the work into Type 1, 2 and 3. Removing more than one square metre of friable material, the kind that crumbles by hand when dry, is Type 3: a sealed enclosure, HEPA-filtered negative air, and an air test before the enclosure comes down.
Ask for training, not a licence number
Ontario's regulation does not license asbestos contractors. On a Type 3 job it requires every worker and supervisor to have completed the Ministry-approved asbestos abatement training. Ask for those certificates.
Before you hire
What should you check before hiring an asbestos removal company in Ottawa?
Ontario's asbestos regulation governs how a contractor samples, removes and cleans up asbestos, including the three types of operation and the training it requires of workers on the largest jobs. Ottawa Service Directory is a listings site, not a regulator: we publish what a business reports about itself, so confirm what applies to your job with the source below and with the business before work starts.
Source: Ontario e-Laws: O. Reg. 278/05, the asbestos regulation. Checked 2026-08-24. Rules and thresholds change, so confirm before work starts.